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Module 5 Assignment Nursing Professional Development as a Nursing Specialty Practice

Module 5 Assignment Nursing Professional Development as a Nursing Specialty Practice

Module 5 Assignment Nursing Professional Development as a Nursing Specialty Practice

Consider all of the factors involved in defining the specialty of nursing professional development. NPD Practitioners influence the healthcare profession by identifying opportunities for improvement and targeting learners across a variety of professions and settings. Who are these learners, and how does the NPD Practitioner collaborate with them to address clinical problems and improve nursing practice and patient care as a whole? The answer to this question depends on the clinical problem that needs to be solved or the improvement that needs to be made. It can be further explained through the application of the NPD Practice Model

For this Module Assignment, you will analyze the scope and standards of NPD practice and apply the NPD Practice Model to the practice gap and learning need identified in your Module 3 Assignment. Specifically, you will analyze the inputs, throughputs, and outputs of the NPD Practice Model and explain how they are applied to a clinical problem.

To prepare:

  • Review the Resources for this week related to the scope and standards of practice for the NPD Practitioner and the NPD Practice Model, as well as the catheter-associated infections (CAUTI) scenario in the Harper and Maloney (2016) text.
  • Review the practice gap and learning need identified in your Module 3 Assignment, and consider the clinical problem it presents.

Assignment (2–3 pages not including title and reference pages)

  • Summarize the clinical problem revealed by the gap analysis and learning needs assessment you conducted in your Module 3 Assignment.

Next, identify the inputs, throughputs, and outputs of the NPD Practice Model with respect to professional development for addressing the clinical problem as follows:

Inputs

  • Identify the learners for the professional development activity. For example, are the learners members of an interprofessional team or a specific population of healthcare providers?

Throughputs

  • Explain the roles the NPD Practitioner would engage in to achieve the desired outcomes.
  • Describe responsibilities of the NPD Practitioner associated with developing interventions to address the problem.

Outputs

  • Explain anticipated learning, change, professional role competence, and optimal care that result from the educational interventions.

Reflection

  • Explain how the scope of practice of the NPD Practitioner extends beyond providing education. Why might this be important to you as a future NPD Practitioner? Be sure to base your explanation on the scope and standards of NPD practice.

Submit your Module 5 Assignment by Day 7 of Week 9.

Use your Resources to support your explanations. Use proper APA formatting and references.

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The Sample Paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templatesLinks to an external site.). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

Expert Answer and Explanation

Nursing Professional Development as a Nursing Specialty Practice

Summary of the Clinical Problem

The healthcare facility exhibits higher than average rates of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTIs), which constitute the primary clinical problem. The combination of healthcare provider catheter maintenance education deficits and insufficient patient-care communication during shift changes (Huang et al., 2024) creates these factors. The current problem results in elevated healthcare expenses and more extended hospitalizations, together with increased sickness rates and higher mortality among patients. Research findings demonstrated that workers showed a limited understanding of catheter procedures, problematic workflows, and inconsistent guideline compliance as essential reasons for CAUTI occurrences and subpar patient safety.

Inputs

The designated learners for professional development would consist of nurses, physicians, infection control teams, and interdisciplinary team members actively participating in urinary catheter management and CAUTI prevention activities. The professional development activity targets all nurses who work with patients who have catheters and additional healthcare staff who encounter catheterized patients. Staff members from critical areas, which include intensive care units (ICUs) and emergency departments, are included in this process. The program addresses the learning needs of staff through its curriculum to enhance catheter handling and interdisciplinary communication, which leads to decreased CAUTI rates. The target group includes diverse healthcare professionals whose combined efforts deliver an extensive solution to the problem.

Throughputs

To deliver the desired outcomes, the NPD Practitioner operates in three different roles: facilitator, educator, and mentor (Harper & Maloney, 2022). The practitioners would work with diverse teams to determine the basic reasons behind knowledge deficits while evaluating specific learning needs and creating educational programs. As a liaison, the NPD Practitioner connects staff members to leadership to verify that educational programs fulfill organizational standards and objectives (Graebe et al., 2021). Staff engagement enables the continuous improvement of educational practices through effective implementation, which leads to long-term changes in professional behavior and practice standards.

Module 5 Assignment Nursing Professional Development as a Nursing Specialty Practice

Responsibilities of the NPD Practitioner

The NPD Practitioner creates and executes evidence-based practices, including developing training content for catheter maintenance, aseptic techniques, and shift transition communication methods (Ulrich, 2021). The practitioner will determine learning needs by analyzing competency evaluations sta,ff feedback, and clinical data. The practitioner must deliver education matching the clinical issues found during the gap analysis (Harper & Maloney, 2022). After training, the practitioner will track CAUTI rates alongside healthcare provider performance and adjust the necessary interventions to achieve better results.

Outputs

Educational interventions will improve nurse and healthcare provider understanding of catheter procedures, adherence to sterile practices, and teamwork abilities. According to Huang et al. (2023), improved professional skills among providers regarding catheter management will result in reduced CAUTI rates. The main objective is to promote better patient safety through effective skills teaching and practice so CAUTIs result in fewer complications and shorter hospital stays at reduced costs.

Reflection

The scope of the nursing practice of the NPD practitioner includes educational tasks and incorporates change management activities alongside working as a healthcare system assessor and team member. Through their work, NPD Practitioners create learning spaces that help both individual staff members and organizational functions to improve continuously. Through their work, NPD practitioners enable healthcare providers to maintain a competitive advantage by acquiring current professional competencies that help resolve clinical issues. This finding holds important implications for my future role as an NPD Practitioner because it establishes dual responsibilities for education and culture-building to promote quality improvement and patient safety across healthcare organizations.

Conclusion

As an NPD Practitioner, one plays a critical role in managing clinical problems such as CAUTIs through education-based interventions and systemic reform programs. Through interdisciplinary teamwork and NPD Practice Model implementation, the practitioner generates significant changes to clinical practice that lead to enhanced patient results. NPD Practitioners have responsibilities that extend beyond education to support health provider development while building safety cultures and advancing continuous improvement across healthcare organizations. The knowledge of this expanded scope will help develop nursing practices that lead to superior patient outcomes and clinical success.

References

Graebe, J., McIntyre-Hite, L., & Monaghan, D. (2022). The future of workforce development in professional nursing practice. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing53(6), 246-250. https://doi.org/10.3928/00220124-20220505-04

Harper, M.G., & Maloney, P. (2022). Nursing professional development scope & standards of practice (4th ed.) Association for Nursing Professional Development.

Huang, A., Hong, W., Zhao, B., Lin, J., Xi, R., & Wang, Y. (2023). Knowledge, attitudes and practices concerning catheter‐associated urinary tract infection amongst healthcare workers: a mixed methods systematic review. Nursing open10(3), 1281-1304. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.1384

Ulrich, B. (2021). Role development for preceptors: A key responsibility of nursing professional development practitioners. Journal for Nurses in Professional Development37(2), 69-70. https://doi.org/10.1097/NND.0000000000000729

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Nursing Professional Development: A Complete Guide for Career Advancement

The nursing profession demands continuous learning, skill enhancement, and career growth to meet the evolving demands of healthcare. Nursing professional development serves as the cornerstone for advancing clinical expertise, leadership capabilities, and overall career satisfaction (Pool et al., 2021). As healthcare becomes increasingly complex and technology-driven, nurses must embrace lifelong learning to provide optimal patient care and remain competitive in their field.

What is the Meaning of Nursing Professional Development?

Nursing professional development encompasses the ongoing process of acquiring new knowledge, skills, competencies, and credentials throughout a nurse’s career (Harper et al., 2018). It represents a systematic approach to enhancing clinical practice, expanding professional roles, and advancing career opportunities within the healthcare industry.

This concept extends beyond basic nursing education to include continuous learning activities that help nurses stay current with evidence-based practices, emerging technologies, and evolving healthcare standards. Professional development in nursing involves both formal education opportunities, such as pursuing advanced degrees or certifications, and informal learning experiences, including mentorship, peer collaboration, and self-directed study.

The foundation of nursing professional development rests on the principle that healthcare is a dynamic field requiring practitioners to adapt and grow continuously. It encompasses personal growth, clinical excellence, leadership development, and specialized expertise acquisition (Pool et al., 2021). This ongoing development ensures that nurses can provide safe, effective, and compassionate care while advancing their own career trajectories.

How to Professionally Develop as a Nurse

Professional development as a nurse requires a strategic and intentional approach to career growth. The journey begins with self-assessment to identify current strengths, areas for improvement, and career aspirations (Li et al., 2022). Nurses should evaluate their clinical skills, knowledge gaps, and professional interests to create a roadmap for development.

Pursuing formal education represents one of the most effective ways to advance professionally. This includes earning bachelor’s degrees for associate degree nurses, pursuing master’s degrees in specialized areas, or obtaining doctoral degrees for advanced practice roles. Many healthcare organizations offer tuition assistance programs to support their nursing staff’s educational pursuits.

Obtaining professional certifications in specialty areas demonstrates expertise and commitment to excellence. Certifications are available in numerous nursing specialties, including critical care, emergency nursing, oncology, pediatrics, and many others. These credentials often lead to increased job opportunities, higher salaries, and greater professional recognition.

Active participation in professional nursing organizations provides networking opportunities, access to continuing education, and involvement in shaping the profession’s future. Organizations such as the American Nurses Association, specialty nursing societies, and local nursing chapters offer valuable resources for professional growth.

Seeking mentorship from experienced nurses can accelerate professional development. Mentors provide guidance, share experiences, and offer insights into career advancement strategies. Many healthcare organizations have formal mentorship programs, while informal mentoring relationships can develop naturally through workplace interactions.

Engaging in evidence-based practice and research activities helps nurses stay current with the latest developments in healthcare. This includes participating in quality improvement initiatives, contributing to research studies, and implementing best practices in clinical settings.

What is Considered Professional Development in Nursing?

Professional development in nursing encompasses a broad range of activities and achievements that contribute to career advancement and improved patient care. Formal education opportunities include pursuing higher degrees, such as Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN), Master of Science in Nursing (MSN), or Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) programs.

Continuing education activities are essential components of professional development. These include attending conferences, workshops, seminars, and webinars that provide updates on clinical practices, new technologies, and healthcare trends. Many states require nurses to complete specific continuing education hours to maintain their licenses.

Professional certifications in specialty areas represent significant professional development achievements. These certifications require specialized knowledge, clinical experience, and successful completion of rigorous examinations. Examples include Certified Critical Care Nurse (CCRN), Certified Emergency Nurse (CEN), and Certified Pediatric Nurse (CPN).

Leadership development activities help nurses advance into management and administrative roles. This includes participating in leadership training programs, serving on committees, leading quality improvement projects, and developing skills in team management, communication, and strategic planning.

Research and evidence-based practice involvement demonstrates commitment to advancing the nursing profession. This includes conducting research studies, participating in quality improvement initiatives, presenting at conferences, and publishing articles in professional journals.

Professional networking through membership in nursing organizations, attendance at professional events, and participation in online nursing communities contributes to career development. These connections provide opportunities for collaboration, knowledge sharing, and career advancement.

Cross-training in different nursing specialties or departments expands clinical knowledge and increases versatility. This exposure to various practice areas enhances problem-solving skills and makes nurses more valuable to their organizations.

What is an Example of a Professional Development Goal in Nursing?

A comprehensive professional development goal in nursing might be: “Within the next two years, I will obtain my Critical Care Registered Nurse (CCRN) certification to advance my expertise in intensive care nursing and qualify for a charge nurse position in the ICU.”

This goal exemplifies effective professional development planning because it is specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART criteria). It identifies a clear objective (CCRN certification), establishes a timeline (two years), and connects to career advancement (charge nurse position).

The goal encompasses multiple aspects of professional development. First, it requires acquiring specialized knowledge and skills relevant to critical care nursing. Second, it involves formal certification, which demonstrates competency to employers and peers. Third, it aligns with career advancement aspirations by preparing the nurse for leadership responsibilities.

To achieve this goal, the nurse would need to develop a detailed action plan including meeting eligibility requirements for the CCRN exam, studying for the certification test, gaining relevant clinical experience, and potentially pursuing additional education or training in critical care concepts.

Other examples of professional development goals might include pursuing a master’s degree in nursing education to become a clinical instructor, obtaining certification in a specialty area like wound care or diabetes education, developing leadership skills to advance into management roles, or gaining expertise in emerging healthcare technologies.

What is a Professional Development Plan for Nurses?

A professional development plan for nurses is a strategic document that outlines career goals, identifies learning needs, and establishes actionable steps for achieving professional advancement. This comprehensive plan serves as a roadmap for career growth and helps nurses make intentional decisions about their professional journey.

The plan begins with a thorough self-assessment that evaluates current competencies, identifies strengths and weaknesses, and clarifies career aspirations. This assessment should consider clinical skills, knowledge areas, leadership abilities, and personal interests. Nurses should also consider feedback from supervisors, peers, and patients to gain a comprehensive understanding of their professional standing.

Goal setting forms the foundation of the development plan. Goals should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound. They might include short-term objectives, such as completing continuing education requirements or obtaining a specific certification, and long-term goals, such as pursuing advanced degrees or transitioning into leadership roles.

The plan should identify specific learning activities and resources needed to achieve each goal. This might include formal education programs, professional conferences, online courses, certification programs, or mentorship opportunities. The plan should also consider financial requirements and identify funding sources, such as employer tuition assistance or scholarship programs.

Timeline establishment helps ensure steady progress toward goals. The plan should include milestone markers and regular review periods to assess progress and make necessary adjustments. Flexibility is important because career paths may evolve based on new opportunities or changing interests.

Regular evaluation and updating of the professional development plan ensures its continued relevance and effectiveness. Nurses should review their plans at least annually, considering changes in their personal circumstances, career goals, and the healthcare environment.

Reasons Why Professional Development is Important in Nursing

Professional development in nursing serves multiple critical purposes that benefit individual nurses, healthcare organizations, and patient populations. The rapidly evolving nature of healthcare makes continuous learning essential for maintaining competency and providing safe, effective patient care.

Patient safety and quality of care represent the most fundamental reasons for pursuing professional development. As medical knowledge expands and treatment protocols evolve, nurses must stay current with evidence-based practices to ensure optimal patient outcomes (Pool et al., 2021). Professional development helps nurses identify and implement best practices, reducing the risk of medical errors and improving patient satisfaction.

Career advancement opportunities often depend on professional development achievements. Many healthcare organizations require advanced education, certifications, or specialized training for promotion to leadership positions. Nurses who invest in their professional development position themselves for advancement into roles such as charge nurse, nurse manager, clinical nurse specialist, or nurse practitioner.

Financial benefits frequently accompany professional development achievements. Many healthcare organizations offer salary increases for obtaining advanced degrees or professional certifications. These investments in education and training typically yield significant returns in terms of increased earning potential throughout a nurse’s career.

Professional development enhances job satisfaction and career longevity by providing new challenges and opportunities for growth. Nurses who continuously develop their skills and knowledge report higher levels of job satisfaction and are less likely to experience burnout (Li et al., 2022). The variety and intellectual stimulation that come with professional growth help maintain engagement and enthusiasm for nursing practice.

Professional recognition and credibility increase with professional development achievements. Advanced education, certifications, and specialized training demonstrate commitment to excellence and establish nurses as experts in their fields. This recognition can lead to opportunities for leadership roles, speaking engagements, and involvement in professional organizations.

Adaptability to healthcare changes becomes more manageable with ongoing professional development. The healthcare industry faces constant changes due to technological advances, regulatory updates, and evolving patient needs. Nurses who engage in continuous learning are better equipped to adapt to these changes and remain valuable members of healthcare teams.

What is the Role of Nursing Professional Development in the Future of Nursing?

The future of nursing will be significantly shaped by ongoing professional development initiatives as the healthcare landscape continues to evolve rapidly (National Academy of Medicine, 2021). Technology integration, changing patient demographics, and emerging healthcare delivery models will require nurses to continuously update their skills and knowledge to remain effective practitioners.

Digital health technologies and artificial intelligence will transform nursing practice, requiring ongoing education and training to effectively utilize these tools. Professional development programs will need to incorporate training on electronic health records, telehealth platforms, wearable devices, and other emerging technologies. Nurses will need to develop competencies in data analysis, digital communication, and technology troubleshooting.

The shift toward value-based care and population health management will require nurses to develop new competencies in care coordination, health promotion, and community engagement. Professional development programs will need to emphasize skills in patient education, care transitions, and preventive care strategies.

Advanced practice nursing roles will continue to expand, requiring more nurses to pursue graduate-level education and specialized training. The growing demand for nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialists, and other advanced practice roles will drive increased enrollment in master’s and doctoral nursing programs.

Leadership development will become increasingly important as nurses take on expanded roles in healthcare organizations. Professional development programs will need to focus on developing skills in change management, financial management, quality improvement, and strategic planning.

Interprofessional collaboration will require nurses to develop enhanced communication and team-building skills. Professional development initiatives will need to include training on working effectively with diverse healthcare teams and understanding the roles and responsibilities of various healthcare professionals.

Global health perspectives will become more important as healthcare becomes increasingly interconnected. Professional development programs may need to include cultural competency training, global health awareness, and understanding of international healthcare practices.

Research and evidence-based practice will continue to be emphasized as nursing strives to establish its scientific foundation. Professional development will need to include training in research methods, statistical analysis, and implementation of evidence-based practices.

The future success of the nursing profession depends on the commitment of individual nurses and healthcare organizations to prioritize professional development. As healthcare continues to evolve, nurses who embrace lifelong learning and continuous professional growth will be best positioned to provide exceptional patient care and advance the nursing profession (Wright et al., 2024). Investment in nursing professional development represents an investment in the future of healthcare itself, ensuring that patients receive the highest quality care from knowledgeable, skilled, and adaptable nursing professionals.

References

Harper, M. G., Maloney, P., & Westrick, S. J. (2018). Nursing professional development: Scope and standards of practice (3rd ed.). American Nurses Association.

Li, M., Chen, Y., Wang, X., & Zhang, L. (2022). Nurses’ perceptions of continuing professional development: A qualitative study. BMC Nursing, 21(1), 158. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-022-00940-z

National Academy of Medicine. (2021). The future of nursing 2020-2030: Charting a path to achieve health equity. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25982

Pool, I. A., Poell, R. F., Berings, M. G., & ten Cate, O. (2021). Lifelong learning and nurses’ continuing professional development: A metasynthesis of the literature. BMC Nursing, 20(1), 62. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00579-2

Wright, K., MacKenzie, M., & Tout, D. (2024). Continuing education for advanced practice nurses: A scoping review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 80(4), 1456-1468. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.15911

NURS_6370_Module5_Assignment_Rubric

NURS_6370_Module5_Assignment_Rubric
Criteria Ratings Pts
In 2-3 pages, address the following: Summarize the clinical problem revealed by the gap analysis and learning needs assessment you conducted in your Module 3 Assessment.
15 to >13.0 ptsExcellentThe response clearly, accurately, and with specific detail summarizes the clinical problem revealed by the gap analysis and learning needs assessment conducted in the Module 3 Assessment.
13 to >11.0 ptsGoodThe response summarizes the clinical problem revealed by the gap analysis and learning needs assessment conducted in the Module 3 Assessment.
11 to >10.0 ptsFairThe response vaguely and/or with some inaccuracy summarizes the clinical problem revealed by the gap analysis and learning needs assessment conducted in the Module 3 Assessment.
10 to >0 ptsPoorThe response is inaccurate or missing a summary of the clinical problem revealed by the gap analysis and learning needs assessment conducted in the Module 3 Assessment.
15 pts
Inputs: Identify the learners for the professional development activity. (For example, are the learners members of an interprofessional team or a specific population of healthcare providers?)
10 to >8.0 ptsExcellentThe response clearly, accurately, and with specific detail identifies the learners for the professional development activity and explains whether the learners are members of an interprofessional team or a specific population of healthcare providers.
8 to >7.0 ptsGoodThe response identifies the learners for the professional development activity and explains whether the learners are members of an interprofessional team or a specific population of healthcare providers.
7 to >6.0 ptsFairThe response identifies the learners for the professional development activity with some inaccuracy and vaguely explains whether the learners are members of an interprofessional team or a specific population of healthcare providers.
6 to >0 ptsPoorThe response is inaccurate or missing descriptions of the learners for the professional development activity.
10 pts
Throughputs: Explain the roles the NPD Practitioner would engage in to achieve the desired outcomes.
15 to >13.0 ptsExcellentThe response clearly, accurately, and with specific detail explains the roles the NPD Practitioner would engage in to achieve the desired outcomes.
13 to >11.0 ptsGoodThe response explains the roles the NPD Practitioner would engage in to achieve the desired outcomes.
11 to >10.0 ptsFairThe response vaguely and/or with some inaccuracy explains the roles the NPD Practitioner would engage in to achieve the desired outcomes.
10 to >0 ptsPoorThe response is inaccurate or missing explanations of the roles the NPD Practitioner would engage in to achieve the desired outcomes.
15 pts
Describe responsibilities of the NPD Practitioner associated with developing interventions to address the problem.
15 to >13.0 ptsExcellentThe response clearly, accurately, and with specific detail describes responsibilities of the NPD Practitioner associated with developing interventions to address the problem.
13 to >11.0 ptsGoodThe response describes responsibilities of the NPD Practitioner associated with developing interventions to address the problem.
11 to >10.0 ptsFairThe response vaguely and/or with some inaccuracy describes responsibilities of the NPD Practitioner associated with developing interventions to address the problem.
10 to >0 ptsPoorThe response is inaccurate or missing descriptions of the responsibilities of the NPD Practitioner associated with developing interventions to address the problem.
15 pts
Outputs: Explain learning, change, professional role competence, and optimal care that result from the educational interventions.
15 to >13.0 ptsExcellentThe response clearly, accurately, and with specific detail explains learning, change, professional role competence, and optimal care that result from the educational interventions.
13 to >11.0 ptsGoodThe response explains learning, change, professional role competence, and optimal care that result from the educational interventions.
11 to >10.0 ptsFairThe response vaguely and/or with some inaccuracy explains learning, change, professional role competence, and optimal care that result from the educational interventions.
10 to >0 ptsPoorThe response is inaccurate or missing explanations of learning, change, professional role competence, and/or optimal care that result from the educational interventions.
15 pts
Reflection: Based on the scope and standards of NPD practice, explain how the scope of practice of the NPD Practitioner extends beyond providing education. Justify the importance to you as a future NPD Practitioner.
15 to >13.0 ptsExcellentThe response clearly, accurately, and with specific detail explains how the scope of practice of the NPD Practitioner extends beyond providing education and clearly articulates why this would be important to the student as a future NPD Practitioner.
13 to >11.0 ptsGoodThe response explains how the scope of practice of the NPD Practitioner extends beyond providing education and explains why this would be important to the student as a future NPD Practitioner.
11 to >10.0 ptsFairThe response vaguely and/or with some inaccuracy explains how the scope of practice of the NPD Practitioner extends beyond providing education. The explanation of why this would be important to the student as a future NPD Practitioner is vague or missing.
10 to >0 ptsPoorThe response is inaccurate or missing an explanation of how the scope of practice of the NPD Practitioner extends beyond providing education.
15 pts
Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization: Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused–neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction are provided that delineate all required criteria.
5 to >4.0 ptsExcellentParagraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided that delineate all required criteria.
4 to >3.0 ptsGoodParagraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are stated, yet are brief and not descriptive.
3 to >2.0 ptsFairParagraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%–79% of the time. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are vague or off topic.
2 to >0 ptsPoorParagraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity < 60% of the time. No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion were provided.
5 pts
Written Expression and Formatting – English writing standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation
5 to >4.0 ptsExcellentUses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors.
4 to >3.0 ptsGoodContains a few (1 or 2) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.
3 to >2.0 ptsFairContains several (3 or 4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.
2 to >0 ptsPoorContains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.
5 pts

Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, running heads, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list.

5 to >4.0 ptsExcellentUses correct APA format with no errors.
4 to >3.0 ptsGoodContains a few (1 or 2) APA format errors.
3 to >2.0 ptsFairContains several (3 or 4) APA format errors.
2 to >0 ptsPoorContains many (≥ 5) APA format errors.
5 pts