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Personal Leadership Philosophies

Personal Leadership Philosophies

Personal Leadership Philosophies

Many of us can think of leaders we have come to admire, be they historical figures, pillars of the industry we work in, or leaders we know personally. The leadership of individuals such as Abraham Lincoln and Margaret Thatcher has been studied and discussed repeatedly. However, you may have interacted with leaders you feel demonstrated equally competent leadership without ever having a book written about their approaches.

What makes great leaders great? Every leader is different, of course, but one area of commonality is the leadership philosophy that great leaders develop and practice. A leadership philosophy is basically an attitude held by leaders that acts as a guiding principle for their behavior. While formal theories on leadership continue to evolve over time, great leaders seem to adhere to an overarching philosophy that steers their actions.

What is your leadership philosophy? In this Assignment, you will explore what guides your own leadership.

To Prepare:

  • Identify two to three scholarly resources, in addition to this Module’s readings, that evaluate the impact of leadership behaviors in creating healthy work environments.
  • Reflect on the leadership behaviors presented in the three resources that you selected for review.
  • Reflect on your results of the CliftonStrengths Assessment*, and consider how the results relate to your leadership traits.

*not required to submit CliftonStrengths Assessment

The Assignment (2-3 pages):

Personal Leadership Philosophies

Develop and submit a personal leadership philosophy that reflects what you think are characteristics of a good leader. Use the scholarly resources on leadership you selected to support your philosophy statement. Your personal leadership philosophy should include the following:

  • A description of your core values.
  • A personal mission and vision statement.
  • An analysis of your CliftonStrengths Assessment summarizing the results of your profile
  • A description of two key behaviors that you wish to strengthen.
  • A development plan that explains how you plan to improve upon the two key behaviors you selected and an explanation of how you plan to achieve your personal vision. Be specific and provide examples.
  • Be sure to incorporate your colleagues’ feedback on your CliftonStrengths Assessment from this Module’s Discussion 2.

Expert Answer and Explanation

Personal Leadership Philosophy

Core Values

I have always believed in empathetic, honest, unified, and progressive leadership. This quality enables me to understand others, making them comfortable dealing with me or working under my supervision. Ethical standards define right or wrong, so integrity ensures I am doing the right things as defined by ethical standards. While integration focuses on teamwork as a means of fostering unity in the workplace, growth is congruent with the constant learning process, self-development, and the development of others.

Personal Mission and Vision Statement

Mission: To empower individuals and teams to achieve their fullest potential by fostering a supportive, inclusive, and growth-oriented environment.

Vision: To become a transformational leader who inspires positive change, cultivates innovation, and nurtures the development of future leaders in healthcare.

Analysis of CliftonStrengths Assessment

The StrengthsFinder report highlights my top five dominant talent themes: A developer, an arranger, Strategic, Harmony and Individualization. Looking at the mere listing of these strengths, one can see that each highlights different aspects of my leadership skills, allowing me to develop and maintain wonderful and meaningful relationships in both work and personal life. I admire the position of Developer. I have a deep passion for helping people grow in their careers.

I get pleasure from applauding every success, big or small, and I am also energized by fostering an ambience that makes people feel appreciated. This strength resonates with my values of personal and professional call as enabling people to attain their dreams.

The Arranger theme captures a competency of handling complexity, and this self-assertion is aligned with the theme. Being organized and flexible means that I work well in situations with many variables, and I need to decide on the best options. This complements my strategic strength, where I can easily recognize trends, foresee issues, and find ways to address them outside the box. I always look at the pros and cons of approaching a situation and determining possible ways to get through it, which helps in decision-making and strategizing.

My strength in working on different levels of harmony is focusing on substantial cooperation with the teams and avoiding conflicts. I look for consensus and encourage cooperation, which creates moderate conflict and integration within the team. Like in Individualization, I can understand or appreciate each person’s distinctiveness. I ensure they achieve their best to meet organizational needs and demands. Collectively, these strengths enable me to foster interpersonal relationships, foster unity in a team, and achieve desirable results.

Key Behaviors to Strengthen

A couple of the areas I would like to work on in my leadership development plan are decisiveness and delegation. Although I strongly appreciate cooperation and negotiation, I know the importance of timely and confident decision-making in such important circumstances as to keep pace and ensure a clear vision. Moreover, bettering my delegation abilities will make the team work faster and give people more authority based on their abilities. This way, I could empower my direct subordinates, reduce my intervention and focus on bigger issues that would automatically lead to success for all stakeholders.

Address the following topics: Locards principle Basic steps in evidence collection The importance of chain of custody

Development Plan

Behavior Action Plan Example Outcome
Decisiveness Engage in decision-making workshops and real-time simulations to improve confidence and speed (Chan et al., 2023). Participate in leadership exercises requiring rapid decisions under simulated time pressure. Enhanced ability to make prompt and effective decisions, particularly in high-pressure scenarios.
Delegation Develop a delegation framework focusing on strengths-based task assignment and oversight (Chan et al., 2023). Assign tasks to team members with clear goals, providing autonomy while conducting check-ins. Empowered team members, increased productivity, and more time for strategic leadership tasks.

Application of Scholarly Resources

The systematic review by Specchia et al. (2021) emphasizes the importance of transformational leadership in improving job satisfaction among healthcare professionals. I can create a supportive environment that aligns with my values and mission by adopting transformational leadership principles—such as inspiring others, fostering professional growth, and promoting team morale. Khan et al. (2022) discuss individualized consideration and intellectual stimulation as key aspects of transformational leadership.

These resonate with my Developer and Individualization strengths, reinforcing my commitment to tailoring my approach to team members’ unique needs and encouraging innovation. Finally, Anselmann and Mulder (2020) highlight the role of knowledge sharing and reflection in enhancing team performance. By incorporating reflective practices and encouraging open communication, I can foster a culture of continuous learning and improvement.

Conclusion

My leadership philosophy is grounded in empathy, integrity, collaboration, and growth. By leveraging my CliftonStrengths, addressing areas for improvement, and adopting evidence-based leadership practices, I aim to inspire positive change and achieve my vision of being a transformational leader in healthcare. Through ongoing self-reflection, targeted development, and feedback integration, I will continue to grow as a leader and contribute to creating a supportive and effective work environment.

References

Anselmann, V., & Mulder, R. H. (2020). Transformational leadership, knowledge sharing and reflection, and work teams’ performance: A structural equation modelling analysis. Journal of Nursing Management, 28(7), 1627–1634. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13118

Chan, R. J., Knowles, R., Hunter, S., Conroy, T., Tieu, M., & Kitson, A. (2023). From evidence-based practice to knowledge translation: What is the difference? What are the roles of nurse leaders? Seminars in Oncology Nursing, 39(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soncn.2022.151363

Khan, I. U., Amin, R. U., & Saif, N. (2022). Individualized consideration and idealized influence of transformational leadership: Mediating role of inspirational motivation and intellectual stimulation. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 1(7), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2022.2076286

Specchia, M. L., Cozzolino, M. R., Carini, E., Di Pilla, A., Galletti, C., Ricciardi, W., & Damiani, G. (2021). Leadership styles and nurses’ job satisfaction. Results of a systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1552. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041552

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Personal Leadership Philosophies: A Comprehensive Guide to Development and Implementation

In today’s rapidly evolving organizational landscape, effective leadership has become more crucial than ever. A personal leadership philosophy serves as the foundational framework that guides leaders through complex decisions, challenging situations, and transformational moments. Your personal leadership philosophy is a guide for how you want to present yourself as a leader. It reflects your leadership style, the values that matter most to you, and how you plan to support your team members (Crestcom, 2025). This comprehensive guide explores what leadership philosophies are, why they matter, and how to develop your own authentic leadership approach.

What Is a Leadership Philosophy?

A leadership philosophy is a foundational framework that outlines an individual’s core beliefs, values, and principles related to leadership. It serves as a personal roadmap that translates your beliefs, values, and principles into actionable leadership behaviors. A leadership philosophy is a foundation for ethical decision-making. Moreover, it guides person’s life and work-related concerns (Penn State Extension, n.d.).

At its core, a leadership philosophy represents your unique perspective on how leadership should be practiced. It encompasses your understanding of what motivates people, how teams function effectively, and what approaches yield the best results for both individuals and organizations. For me, leadership is political, situational, contextual and personal (PMC, 2021), highlighting the multifaceted nature of leadership approaches.

Key Components of Leadership Philosophy

Every effective leadership philosophy typically includes several essential elements:

Core Values and Beliefs: These represent the fundamental principles that guide your decision-making processes. They form the moral and ethical foundation of your leadership approach.

Leadership Style Preferences: This includes your preferred methods of communication, motivation techniques, and approaches to team management.

Vision for Success: Your definition of what successful leadership looks like, both in terms of outcomes and processes.

Relationship Philosophy: How you view and approach relationships with team members, peers, and stakeholders.

Growth and Development Mindset: Your beliefs about personal and professional development, both for yourself and your team members.

Types of Leadership Philosophy

Understanding different types of leadership philosophies can help you identify which approaches resonate most with your values and goals. Research has identified several distinct philosophical approaches to leadership:

Transformational Leadership Philosophy

This philosophy focuses on inspiring and motivating followers through vision, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration. Leaders with this philosophy believe in empowering others to exceed their own expectations and achieve extraordinary results.

Servant Leadership Philosophy

Servant leaders prioritize the needs of their followers and focus on helping others grow and perform as highly as possible. This philosophy emphasizes humility, empathy, and a commitment to serving others rather than being served.

Authentic Leadership Philosophy

This approach emphasizes being true to oneself and leading with genuine conviction. Authentic leaders believe that effectiveness comes from aligning actions with personal values and maintaining consistency between private beliefs and public behaviors.

Situational Leadership Philosophy

Leaders with this philosophy believe that effective leadership requires adapting their style based on the situation, the task at hand, and the development level of their team members.

Collaborative Leadership Philosophy

This philosophy emphasizes shared decision-making, team empowerment, and collective problem-solving. Leaders believe that the best results come from leveraging the diverse strengths and perspectives of team members.

The Importance of Having a Personal Leadership Philosophy

70% say it is important or very important for leaders to master a wider range of effective leadership behaviors to meet current and future business needs (Harvard Business Publishing, 2024). This statistic underscores the critical importance of having a well-defined leadership philosophy in today’s complex business environment.

Benefits of a Clear Leadership Philosophy

Enhanced Decision-Making: A well-defined philosophy provides a framework for making consistent, values-based decisions even in ambiguous situations.

Increased Authenticity: When your actions align with your stated beliefs, you build trust and credibility with your team members.

Improved Communication: A clear philosophy helps you articulate your expectations and approach to leadership more effectively.

Better Team Alignment: When team members understand your leadership philosophy, they can better align their efforts and expectations accordingly.

Personal Growth: The process of developing and refining your philosophy encourages continuous self-reflection and improvement.

Research on Leadership Philosophy Effectiveness

Recent research has demonstrated the tangible benefits of well-developed leadership philosophies. After undergoing leadership training, participants were found to have a 25% increase in learning and 20% in overall job performance (Research.com, 2025). This improvement is often attributed to leaders developing clearer philosophical frameworks that guide their actions.

Evidence from almost half a million students from 600 institutions highlights that leadership knowledge as well as opportunities for application of learned principles are related with an increase in leadership capacity upon conclusion of higher education (Center for Engaged Learning, 2025). This research emphasizes the importance of not just understanding leadership principles but also applying them through a coherent philosophical framework.

Tips for Developing a Personal Leadership Philosophy

Creating an authentic and effective leadership philosophy requires careful reflection, honest self-assessment, and ongoing refinement. Here are proven strategies for developing your personal leadership philosophy:

Step 1: Conduct Self-Assessment

Begin by examining your core values, beliefs, and experiences. Consider the following questions:

  • What values are most important to you?
  • What leadership experiences have shaped your perspective?
  • What type of leader do you aspire to become?
  • What are your strengths and areas for improvement?

Step 2: Identify Your Leadership Influences

Reflect on the leaders who have inspired you throughout your life. This might include:

  • Former supervisors or managers
  • Historical figures
  • Community leaders
  • Authors or thought leaders
  • Family members or mentors

Analyze what specific qualities or approaches made these individuals effective leaders in your eyes.

Step 3: Define Your Leadership Style

Consider how you prefer to interact with others and approach leadership challenges. Ask yourself:

  • Do you prefer to lead by example or through direct instruction?
  • How do you handle conflict and difficult conversations?
  • What motivates you to lead others?
  • How do you prefer to communicate with your team?

Step 4: Articulate Your Philosophy

This paper focuses on the development of a Personal Leadership Philosophy (PLP) manifesto for educators. It emphasizes the importance of educators having a clear, written statement of their leadership beliefs (ResearchGate, 2023). Write a clear, concise statement that captures your leadership beliefs and approach.

Step 5: Test and Refine

Your leadership philosophy should be a living document that evolves as you gain experience and insights. Regularly review and refine your philosophy based on:

  • New experiences and challenges
  • Feedback from team members and colleagues
  • Changes in your role or organization
  • Personal growth and development

Leadership Philosophy Examples

Understanding how others have articulated their leadership philosophies can provide inspiration and guidance for developing your own. Here are several examples of different philosophical approaches:

Example 1: Collaborative Leadership Philosophy

“I believe that the best decisions emerge from diverse perspectives and collective wisdom. My role as a leader is to create an environment where every team member feels valued, heard, and empowered to contribute their unique insights. I am committed to fostering open communication, encouraging creative problem-solving, and building consensus around shared goals.”

Example 2: Growth-Oriented Leadership Philosophy

“I believe that every individual has unlimited potential for growth and development. As a leader, my primary responsibility is to identify and nurture the strengths of my team members while providing support and resources to help them overcome challenges. I am committed to creating opportunities for learning, providing constructive feedback, and celebrating both individual and collective achievements.”

Example 3: Authentic Leadership Philosophy

“I believe that effective leadership begins with authenticity and self-awareness. I am committed to leading with integrity, transparency, and genuine care for the well-being of my team members. I strive to align my actions with my values, communicate honestly even when it’s difficult, and create an environment where others feel safe to be their authentic selves.”

Example 4: Results-Driven Leadership Philosophy

“I believe that effective leadership combines high standards with high support. I am committed to setting clear expectations, providing the resources and guidance needed for success, and holding both myself and my team accountable for delivering results. I believe that celebrating achievements and learning from setbacks are equally important for sustained success.”

Leadership Philosophy Statement Examples

A leadership philosophy statement should be concise, memorable, and actionable. Here are key elements to include:

Structure of an Effective Statement

Opening Declaration: Begin with a clear statement of your core leadership belief.

Supporting Principles: List 3-5 key principles that support your main philosophy.

Behavioral Commitments: Describe specific behaviors and actions that reflect your philosophy.

Vision Statement: Conclude with your vision for the impact you want to have as a leader.

Sample Leadership Philosophy Statement

“I believe that great leadership is about empowering others to achieve their full potential while working toward shared goals that create positive impact.

My leadership is guided by these core principles:

  • Integrity: I lead with honesty, transparency, and ethical decision-making
  • Empowerment: I create opportunities for others to grow, learn, and take ownership
  • Collaboration: I value diverse perspectives and believe the best solutions emerge from teamwork
  • Continuous Improvement: I am committed to ongoing learning and adaptation
  • Service: I see leadership as an opportunity to serve others and contribute to something greater than myself

I am committed to modeling these values through my daily actions, creating an inclusive environment where every team member feels valued and supported, and maintaining focus on both people and results. My vision is to develop other leaders who will carry these principles forward and create positive change in their own spheres of influence.”

Famous Leadership Philosophies

Learning from renowned leaders can provide valuable insights and inspiration for developing your own philosophy. Here are some notable examples:

Nelson Mandela – Reconciliation and Unity

Mandela’s leadership philosophy centered on the power of forgiveness, reconciliation, and bringing people together despite deep divisions. His approach demonstrated that true leadership sometimes requires personal sacrifice for the greater good.

Mahatma Gandhi – Non-Violence and Leading by Example

Gandhi’s philosophy emphasized the power of non-violent resistance and the importance of personal integrity. His famous quote, “Be the change you wish to see in the world,” exemplifies his belief in leading by example.

Martin Luther King Jr. – Justice and Moral Leadership

Dr. King’s leadership philosophy combined moral authority with strategic action. He believed that leaders have a responsibility to stand up for justice, even when it requires personal courage and sacrifice.

Warren Buffett – Long-term Thinking and Ethical Business Practices

Buffett’s leadership philosophy emphasizes the importance of long-term thinking, ethical business practices, and treating all stakeholders with respect and fairness.

Developing Leadership Philosophy in the 21st Century

This paper examines and evaluates a variety of leadership ideas and provides a summary of the theories, emphasizing their main ideas, benefits, and drawbacks (Stratford Journals, n.d.). Modern leadership philosophies must account for the unique challenges and opportunities of the contemporary business environment.

Key Considerations for Modern Leaders

Digital Transformation: How technology impacts communication, decision-making, and team dynamics.

Remote and Hybrid Work: Adapting leadership approaches for distributed teams and virtual collaboration.

Diversity and Inclusion: Creating inclusive environments that leverage diverse perspectives and backgrounds.

Sustainability and Social Responsibility: Integrating environmental and social considerations into leadership decisions.

Agility and Adaptability: Developing the ability to pivot quickly in response to changing circumstances.

Mental Health and Well-being: Prioritizing the psychological safety and well-being of team members.

Leadership Philosophy Templates and Tools

To help you develop your own leadership philosophy, consider using structured templates and tools:

Philosophy Development Template

  1. Values Assessment: List your top 5-7 core values
  2. Leadership Vision: Describe your ideal leadership scenario
  3. Behavioral Standards: Define specific behaviors that reflect your values
  4. Growth Commitments: Identify areas for ongoing development
  5. Impact Goals: Articulate the impact you want to have on others

Leadership Philosophy Generator Approach

While templates can be helpful, the most authentic philosophies emerge from personal reflection and experience. Consider these questions as a starting point:

  • What does success look like in your leadership role?
  • How do you want to be remembered as a leader?
  • What legacy do you want to leave?
  • What are your non-negotiable principles?
  • How do you handle adversity and setbacks?

Best Practices for Leadership Philosophy Implementation

Having a well-defined philosophy is only the first step. The real value comes from consistently implementing and living your philosophy:

Communication and Transparency

Share your leadership philosophy with your team members and stakeholders. This transparency helps build trust and alignment.

Regular Self-Assessment

Periodically evaluate how well your actions align with your stated philosophy. Seek feedback from others and be willing to make adjustments.

Integration with Organizational Culture

Ensure that your personal leadership philosophy aligns with and supports your organization’s values and culture.

Continuous Learning and Adaptation

Stay open to new ideas, experiences, and feedback that might refine or enhance your philosophical approach.

Conclusion

A well-developed personal leadership philosophy serves as both a compass and an anchor for effective leadership. It provides direction when facing difficult decisions while keeping you grounded in your core values and beliefs. With the continued acceleration of societal, technological, and organizational change (Harvard Business Publishing, 2024), having a clear philosophical foundation becomes even more critical for navigating complexity and uncertainty.

The journey of developing and refining your leadership philosophy is ongoing. It requires honest self-reflection, openness to feedback, and a commitment to continuous growth. As you develop your philosophy, remember that authenticity is key – your philosophy should reflect who you truly are and aspire to become as a leader.

Whether you’re just beginning your leadership journey or are an experienced leader looking to refine your approach, investing time in developing a clear, authentic leadership philosophy will enhance your effectiveness and create positive impact for those you lead. The process itself is valuable, encouraging deeper self-awareness and intentional leadership practices that benefit both you and your organization.

References

Center for Engaged Learning. (2025). Research on leadership development: A brief overview. Retrieved from https://www.centerforengagedlearning.org/research-on-leadership-development-a-brief-overview/

Crestcom. (2025). How to develop your personal leadership philosophy. Retrieved from https://crestcom.com/blog/2025/05/23/how-to-develop-your-personal-leadership-philosophy/

Harvard Business Publishing. (2024). 2024 global leadership development study. Retrieved from https://www.harvardbusiness.org/leadership-learning-insights/2024-global-leadership-development-study/

Harvard Business Publishing. (2024). 2024 global leadership development study: Research findings. Retrieved from https://www.harvardbusiness.org/insight/2024-global-leadership-development-study-research-findings/

Penn State Extension. (n.d.). Tips for developing a personal leadership philosophy. Retrieved from https://extension.psu.edu/tips-for-developing-a-personal-leadership-philosophy

PMC. (2021). Perspectives: Go quickly, start now: A personal leadership philosophy. Retrieved from https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7932383/

Research.com. (2025). 24 leadership training statistics for 2025: Data, insights & predictions. Retrieved from https://research.com/careers/leadership-training-statistics

ResearchGate. (2023). Crafting an effective personal leadership philosophy manifesto for education settings. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371251554_Crafting_an_Effective_Personal_Leadership_Philosophy_Manifesto_for_Education_Settings

Stratford Journals. (n.d.). Personal leadership philosophy for the 21st century: Integrating theory, experience, and perspectives. Retrieved from https://www.stratfordjournals.com/journals/index.php/journal-of-human-resource/article/view/1728

NURS_6053_Module03_Week06_Assignment_Rubric

NURS_6053_Module03_Week06_Assignment_Rubric
Criteria Ratings Pts
Develop and submit a personal leadership philosophy that reflects what you think are characteristics of a good leader. Use the scholarly resources on leadership you selected to support your philosophy statement. Your personal leadership philosophy should include the following:· A description of your core values.· A personal mission statement, AND· a personal vision statement.
15 to >13.0 ptsExcellentThe response accurately and thoroughly describes a set of core values. …The response clearly and thoroughly describes a personal mission statement and a personal vision statement.
13 to >11.0 ptsGoodThe response describes a set of core values. …The response describes a personal mission statement and a personal vision statement.
11 to >10.0 ptsFairThe response describes a set of core values that is vague or inaccurate. …The response describes a personal mission statement and vision statement that are vague or inaccurate.
10 to >0 ptsPoorThe response describes a set of core values that is vague and inaccurate or is missing. …The response describes a personal mission/vision statement that is vague and inaccurate, or is missing.
15 pts
· Analysis of your CliftonStrengths Assessment summarizing the results of your profile. · A description of two key behaviors you wish to strengthen. *not required to submit CliftonStrengths Assessment.
15 to >13.0 ptsExcellentThe response accurately and completely provides an analysis and detailed summary of the CliftonStrengths Assessment. (Not required to submit Clifton Strengths Assessment.) …The response clearly and thoroughly describes two key behaviors to strengthen.
13 to >11.0 ptsGoodThe response accurately provides an analysis and summary of the CliftonStrengths Assessment. (Not required to submit Clifton Strengths Assessment.) …The response describes two key behaviors to strengthen.
11 to >10.0 ptsFairThe response provides an analysis and summary of the CliftonStrengths Assessment that is vague or inaccurate. (Not required to submit Clifton Strengths Assessment.) …The response describes two key behaviors to strengthen that is vague or inaccurate.
10 to >0 ptsPoorThe response provides an analysis and summary of the CliftonStrengths Assessment that is vague and inaccurate or is missing. (Not required to submit Clifton Strengths Assessment.) …The response describes two key behaviors to strengthen that is vague and inaccurate or is missing.
15 pts
· A development plan that explains how you plan to improve upon the two key behaviors you selected · An explanation of how you plan to achieve your personal vision. Be specific and provide examples.
50 to >44.0 ptsExcellentAn accurate, complete, and detailed development plan is provided that thoroughly explains plans to improve upon the two key behaviors selected. … The response accurately and thoroughly includes plans on how to achieve a personal vision with specific examples.
44 to >39.0 ptsGoodAn accurate development plan is provided that explains plans to improve upon the two key behaviors selected. … The response includes plans on how to achieve a personal vision with specific examples.
39 to >34.0 ptsFairA development plan is provided that explains plans to improve upon the two key behaviors selected that is vague or inaccurate. … The response includes vague or inaccurate plans on how to achieve a personal vision and may include some examples or examples are vague.
34 to >0 ptsPoorA vague and inaccurate development plan is provided that explains plans to improve upon the two key behaviors selected or development plan is missing. … The response vaguely and inaccurately explains plans on how to achieve a personal vision, does not include any examples, or response is missing.
50 pts
Resource Synthesis
5 to >4.0 ptsExcellentUsing proper in-text citations, the response fully integrates at least 2 outside resources and 2 or 3 course-specific resources.
4 to >3.0 ptsGoodUsing proper in-text citations, the response fully integrates at least 2 outside resources and 1 course-specific resource.
3 to >2.0 ptsFairUsing proper in-text citations, the response minimally integrates outside and course-specific resources.
2 to >0 ptsPoorThe response does not integrate outside and course-specific resources or no in-text citations are used.
5 pts
Written Expression and Formatting—Paragraph Development and Organization:Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction is provided, which delineates all required criteria.
5 to >4.0 ptsExcellentParagraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity. … A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided, which delineates all required criteria.
4 to >3.0 ptsGoodParagraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time. …Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are stated but are brief and not descriptive.
3 to >2.0 ptsFairParagraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60–79% of the time. … Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is vague or off topic.
2 to >0 ptsPoorParagraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity less than 60% of the time. … No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion is provided.
5 pts
Written Expression and Formatting—English Writing Standards:Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation.
5 to >4.0 ptsExcellentUses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors.
4 to >3.0 ptsGoodContains a few (one or two) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.
3 to >2.0 ptsFairContains several (three or four) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.
2 to >0 ptsPoorContains many (five or more) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.
5 pts
Written Expression and Formatting:The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, running head, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list.
5 to >4.0 ptsExcellentUses correct APA format with no errors.
4 to >3.0 ptsGoodContains a few (one or two) APA format errors.
3 to >2.0 ptsFairContains several (three or four) APA format errors.
2 to >0 ptsPoorContains many (five or more) APA format errors.
5 pts